SUBCLASSIFICATION OF CONJUNCTS
Topic: SUBCLASSIFICATION OF CONJUNCTS
1. LISTING CONJUNCTS
(Used for listing items or ideas.)
Examples:
a. Firstly, let’s discuss the main points.
b. Secondly, we need to consider the budget.
c. Lastly, we’ll review the timeline.
2. SUMMATIVE CONJUNCTS
(Used for summarizing or concluding.)
EXAMPLES:
a. In conclusion, the results are significant.
b. To sum up, the study found strong evidence.
c. All in all, the project was a success.
3. APPOSITIVE CONJUNCTS
(Used to provide additional information.)
EXAMPLES:
a. Namely, the company has three main divisions: Sales, Marketing, and Human Resources.
b. Specifically, the training program focuses on leadership skills.
4. CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTS
(Used to highlight contrasts.)
EXAMPLES:
a. However, the results were not as expected.
b. On the other hand, the alternative solution has its drawbacks.
c. In contrast, the new formula has been well-received.
CONJUNCTS as CORRELATIVES
Conjuncts act as correlatives when they appear in pairs to connect words, phrases, or clauses of equal importance.
EXAMPLES:
1. EITHER – OR:
You can either come with my mother or stay at home.
2. BOTH – AND:
The company specializes both in software development and in AI consulting.
3. NOT ONLY – BUT ALSO:
She is not only a great singer but also an excellent poet.
4. NEITHER – NOR:
He is neither interested in sports nor in music.
5. WHETHER – OR:
I’m not sure whether to go to church or to the beach.
6. On the one hand – on the other hand:
a. On the one hand, I want to travel; on the other hand, I am short of funds.
b. On the one hand, the new policy will benefit the community; on the other hand, it may also have some drawbacks.
Summary: Functions of Subclassification of Conjuncts
Conjuncts help to:
Enhance clarity and coherence in communication.
Provide balance and symmetry in sentence structure.
NOTE:
Symmetry refers to balance or harmony in shape, structure, or arrangement. It can be observed in:
1. VISUAL SYMMETRY
In writing, shapes and patterns (especially when using diagrams or structured layouts) help to establish rhythm.
Repeating patterns create visual flow and balance, making your essay pleasing and coherent.
2. MATHEMATICAL SYMMETRY
This is useful for authors who use shapes and patterns to illustrate their work.
Here, shapes and patterns can guide the reader’s attention through the composition and reinforce structural clarity.
CONJUNCTIONS vs. CONJUNCTS
CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence.
CONJUNCTS.
Conjuncts are adverbial words or phrases connecting ideas between clauses or sentences.
They indicate relationships such as addition, contrast, result, or time.
Clause Conjunctions with Conjunct Examples
1. I wanted to go to the beach, but unfortunately, the weather was bad. (Contrast)
2. She studied hard, and consequently, she passed the examination. (Result)
3. I’m tired, so I’m going to bed early. (Result)
4. The company has expanded its operations, and moreover, it is hiring new staff. (Addition)
5. The team worked well … (You may continue here.)